Annabi Muhammad (SAW) shi ne manzon Allah na ƙarshe, jagoran dukkan bil’adama, kuma abin koyi ga duk wanda yake neman gaskiya, adalci, tsarki da kyawawan halaye. Tarihinsa cike yake da darussa, hikima, tausayi, jajircewa da sadaukarwa. Sanin cikakken tarihinsa ba wai kawai ibada ba ce, har ma hanya ce ta gyara rayuwa da kusantar Allah (SWT).
A wannan rubutu, za mu kawo cikakken tarihin Annabi Muhammad (SAW): nasabarsa, haihuwarsa, renonsa, aikonsa, mu’ujizozinsa, hijirarsa, yakokinsa, iyalansa, halayensa, da wafatinsa – cikin salo mai sauƙin fahimta da kuma dacewa da karatun zamani.
Nasabar Annabi Muhammad (SAW)
Annabi Muhammad (SAW) ɗan Abdullahi, ɗan Abdul-Muɗɗalib, ɗan Hashim, ɗan Abdul-Manaf, ɗan Kusayyi, ɗan Kilabi, har zuwa ga Annabi Isma’il (AS) ɗan Annabi Ibrahim (AS). Wannan nasaba mai tsarki tana nuna cewa Annabi (SAW) ya fito daga tsatson masu daraja, tsarki da shugabanci.
Nasabar Mahaifiyarsa
Mahaifiyarsa ita ce Aminah ‘yar Wahab, daga kabilar Banu Zuhrah. Nasabar mahaifi da mahaifiya suna haɗuwa a wajen Kilab, suna ci gaba har zuwa Annabi Adam (AS).
Haihuwa da Farkon Rayuwa
An haifi Annabi Muhammad (SAW) a birnin Makka, a shekarar Giwa (571M), a ranar Litinin – kamar yadda mafi rinjaye na malamai suka tabbatar. Mahaifinsa Abdullahi ya rasu tun kafin a haife shi. Mahaifiyarsa Aminah ta rasu yana ɗan shekara shida.
Wadanda suka reni Annabi (SAW) sun haɗa da:
- Abdul-Muɗɗalib (kakansa),
- Halimah As-Sa’adiyya (mai shayarwa),
- Abu Talib (kawunsa).
Tun ƙuruciya aka san Annabi (SAW) da gaskiya, aminci da kyakkyawan hali.
Alkunya, Lakabi da Sunayensa
Alkunyarsa: Abul-Qasim
Lakabinsa: Al-Amin (Mai aminci), Al-Mustafa (Zaɓaɓɓe), Al-Habib (Masoyi)
Sunayensa a Alƙur’ani sun haɗa da:
Muhammad, Ahmad, Al-Muzzammil, Al-Muddassir, An-Nazir, Al-Mubashshir, Ar-Rahma, An-Nur, Ad-Da’i, As-Shahid da sauransu.
Aikonsa da Saukar Wahayi
An aiko Annabi Muhammad (SAW) da saƙo yana ɗan shekara 40, a kogon Hira. Mala’ika Jibrilu (AS) ya saukar masa da ayoyi biyar na farko daga Suratul Alaq:
“Ka karanta da sunan Ubangijinka wanda Ya halitta…”
Daga nan ya fara kiran mutane zuwa Tauhidi, adalci, gaskiya da kyawawan halaye. Ya yi kira a boye na tsawon shekaru uku, sannan ya bayyana kira tsawon kusan shekaru goma a Makka.
Koyarwar Sakonsa
Manzon Allah (SAW) ya zo da saƙon:
- Tauhidi (bautar Allah guda ɗaya),
- Adalci da zaman lafiya,
- ‘Yan’uwantaka da tausayi,
- Tsarkake zuciya da dabi’u,
- Kafa shari’ar Musulunci mai hikima.
Mu’ujizozinsa
Babbar mu’ujizar Annabi (SAW) ita ce Alƙur’ani Mai Girma. Sauran mu’ujizozinsa sun haɗa da:
- Tsagewar wata,
- Ruwan da ya fito daga yatsunsa,
- Ciyar da mutane da abinci kaɗan,
- Addu’o’in da Allah Ya amsa nan take.
Hijira daga Makka zuwa Madina
Saboda tsananin cutarwa daga mushrikai, Annabi (SAW) ya yi hijira zuwa Madina bayan shekaru 13 na kira. Hijirar ta zama ginshiƙin kafuwar daular Musulunci da zaman lafiya tsakanin al’umma.
Yakoki da Kare Addini
Annabi (SAW) ya shiga yakoki ne domin kare Musulmai daga zalunci. Fitattun yakokinsa sun haɗa da:
- Badar,
- Uhud,
- Khandaq,
- Khaibar,
- Hunain.
A kowane lokaci, ya fi son sulhu da zaman lafiya fiye da yaƙi.
Iyalan Annabi (SAW)
Matansa
Khadija (RA), Saudah, A’isha, Hafsa, Ummu Salama, Zainab bint Jahsh, Zainab bint Khuzaima, Juwairiyya, Safiyya, Maimuna, Ummu Habiba.
‘Ya’yansa
Qasim, Abdullah, Ibrahim, Fatima (RA). A wasu ruwayoyi akwai Zainab, Ruqayya da Ummu Kulsum.
Halayen Annabi (SAW)
Annabi (SAW) ya kasance:
- Mai gaskiya da aminci,
- Mai tausayi da yafiya,
- Mai haƙuri da tawali’u,
- Mai adalci da tausasawa,
- Mai ilimi da hikima,
- Mai son zaman lafiya da jituwa.
Fuskarsa tana haske, halayensa suna cike da kyan ɗabi’a.
Wafatinsa (SAW)
Annabi Muhammad (SAW) ya rasu a Madina a shekara ta 11 Hijira, yana da shekaru 63. An binne shi a ɗakinsa kusa da Masallacin Manzon Allah (SAW).
Muhimmancin Koyi da Annabi (SAW)
Dukkan rayuwar Annabi (SAW) darasi ce ga bil’adama:
- A kasuwanci – gaskiya,
- A iyali – tausayi,
- A shugabanci – adalci,
- A ibada – tsantseni.
Kammalawa
Cikakken Tarihin Annabi Muhammad (SAW) yana koya mana yadda za mu rayu cikin tsarki, gaskiya da adalci. Duk wanda ya bi tafarkinsa, zai samu nasara a duniya da lahira.
Allah Ya sa mu kasance cikin masu bin sunnarsa da kauna.
Tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gare shi (SAW).